The Hindi film industry or Bollywood's history dates back to 1913, when Dadasaheb Phalke produced and directed the silent film Raja Harishchandra. After the roaring success of the film, a creative bunch of people stepped into film making in Mumbai. The advent of talkies in Bollywood cinema was with Alam Ara made in 1931, and it was followed by the first colour film in Hindi, titled Kisan Kanya.
During the Second World War and the struggle for India's independence in the 1940s, Bollywood seemed to move away from reality with a vengeance and focused on making escapist movies to provide some much needed joy to the masses. However, films on social problems were also produced, like Achhut Kanya, a revolutionary movie that handled the burning issue of casteism, besides the making and release of patriotic films like Shaheed.
Mehboob Khan's Mother India (1957) was a cult classic that depicted rural poverty in India and Indian family values quite realistically. During the same time, the great actor and director Raj Kapoor made two immortal classics – Awara and Shree 420 – and ace director Guru Dutt also produced and directed such wonderful films as Pyaasa. Mughal-E-Azam, an epic movie released in 1960, recreated the Mughal era on the silver screen like never before.
Cine stars like Dev Anand and nargis became very popular, and the whole nation hummed to the tunes of SD Burman and OP Nayyar. Singers like Mohammed Rafi and Lata Mangeshkar won the hearts of millions of listeners during the 50s and 60s with their melodious songs.
Shammi Kapoor carved out a career as a rocking star of the 60s with his Elvis-like looks and dance steps. Amitabh Bachchan with his angry young man image ruled the box office in the 1970s. Audiences in the early and mid 80s were immersed in action films, but the release of Qayamat se Qayamat Tak in 1988 changed the paradigm and romantic films became popular, and their popularity has continued till the present day and is quite significant in the latest Bollywood movies. However Bollywood today has a highly advanced industry, producing movies that often get wide acclaim from throughout the world.
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